2.

The Book on Salat (Prayer)

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كتاب الصلاة

Abdullah bin Buhainah Al-Asdi the ally of Banu Abdul-Muttalib narrated: The Prophet (S) stood for the Zuhr prayer, and he had a sitting to perform, so when he completed his Salat, he performed two prostrations, saying the Takbir for each prostration. So he was sitting before saying the Salam, and the people prostrated with him in place of the sitting he forgot. Imam Tirmidhi says: 1- The hadith of Ibn Bahina is Hasan Sahih (good and authentic). 2- In this chapter, there is also a hadith from Abdul Rahman ibn Awf (may Allah be pleased with him). 3- Muhammad bin Ibrahim narrated that Abu Hurairah and Abdullah bin Saib Qari (may Allah be pleased with them both) used to perform both prostrations of forgetfulness before the Salam. 4- And this is the practice of some scholars, and Shafi'i also holds the same opinion. Their opinion is that the prostration of forgetfulness is before the Salam in all cases, and this hadith abrogates other hadiths because the Prophet (peace be upon him) acted upon it in the end. 5- Ahmad and Ishaq bin Rahwayh say that when a person stands up after two Rak'ahs, he should perform the prostration of forgetfulness before the Salam, following the hadith of Ibn Bahina. 6- Ali bin Madini says that Abdullah ibn Bahina is Abdullah bin Malik. Ibn Bahina's father is Malik, and Bahina is their mother. 7- There is a difference among the scholars regarding the prostration of forgetfulness, whether it should be done before the Salam or after it. Some say it should be done after the Salam; this opinion is held by Sufyan al-Thawri and the people of Kufa. 8- And some say it should be done before the Salam; this is the opinion of most of the scholars of Madinah, for example, Yahya bin Sa'id, Rabi'ah, and others, and this is also the opinion of Shafi'i. 9- Some people say that when there is an excess in the prayer, it should be done after the Salam, and when there is a deficiency, it should be done before the Salam. This is the opinion of Malik bin Anas. 10- Ahmad says that the prostration should be done in the manner it is narrated from the Prophet (peace be upon him). So, when a person stands up after two Rak'ahs, according to the hadith of Ibn Bahina, he should perform the prostration before the Salam, and when he completes five Rak'ahs of Dhuhr, he should perform the prostration of forgetfulness after the Salam. And if he mistakenly turns the Salam in two Rak'ahs of Dhuhr and Asr, in that case, he should perform the prostration of forgetfulness after the Salam. Likewise, in whatever manner the action of the Prophet (peace be upon him) is present, he should act accordingly. And in the case where there is no action narrated from the Prophet (peace be upon him), then in that case, the prostration of forgetfulness should be done before the Salam. 11- Ishaq bin Rahwayh also agrees with Ahmad, but the difference is that he says that if there is no action narrated from the Prophet (peace be upon him) regarding the prostration of forgetfulness, then if there is an excess in the prayer, one should perform the prostration after the Salam, and if there is a deficiency, one should perform it before the Salam.

There is a narrated with another chain that Abu Huraira and (Abdullah bin) As-Sa'id Al-Qari (رضي الله تعالى عنهما) would perform the prostrations of As-Sahw before the Taslim. Imam Tirmidhi said the Hadith of Ibn Buhaina is a Hasan Hadith and this is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge. It is the opinion of Ash-Shafii that all prostrations for As-Sahw were to be performed before the Salam, saying : 'this one abrogates the other Ahadith and he mentioned that the last action of the Prophet ( صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) was according to this'. Ahmad and Ishaq said when a man stands up after two Raka then he performs the prostrations for As-Sahw before the Salam according to the Hadith of Ibn Buhaina. Abdullah bin Buhaina is Abdullah bin Malik so he is Ibn Buhaina because Malik is his father and Buhaina is his mother. I was informed of this by Ishaq bin Mansur from Ali (bin Abdullah) bin al-Madini. Imam Tirmidhi said the people of knowledge differ over when a man is to perform the prostrations of as-Sahw, is it before the salam or after it. Some of them thought that he performs them after the Salam. This is the view of Sufyan Ath-Thawri and the people of Kufa. Some of them said he performs them before the Salam. This is the view of most of the Fuqaha among the people of Madina, like Yahya bin Sa'id, Rabia and others. This is also the saying of Ash-Shafii. Some of the said when he adds to the salah then it is after the Salam, and when he leaves something out, then before Salam. This is the view of Malik bin Anas. Ahmad said, whatever is reported from the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) about the prostrations for As-Sahw then it is acted upon in either case. He saw that when one stands after two raka, then according to the Hadith of Ibn Buhainah, he is to perform the prostrations before the Salam. When he prays five for Zuhr, then performs the prostrations after the Salam, and if he says the salam after two raka of Zuhr or Asr then he performs the prostrations after the Salam. All of them are to be acted upon depending upon the case and in the cases where nothing is reported from the Prophet ( صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم), then two prostration are performed for As-Sahw before the Salam. Ishaq said the same as Ahmad about all of this with the exception that he said that for every case of As-Sahw that is not mentioned from the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم), then if it is an addition to the the prostrations are performed after the Salam and if it is something that was left out, then the prostrations are performed before the Salam.