6.

The Book on Traveling

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أَبْوَابُ السَّفَرِ

Salim narrated from his father that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) prayed Salat Al-Khawf, praying one rak'a with one of the two groups, while the other group was facing the enemy. (When the first group finished, the first rak'a with him), they went and took position (of the second group, facing the enemy). Then the second group came, and he led them in another rak'a, then he said the Taslim to them, while the group proceeded to complete their (second) rak'a. Thereafter, the first group stood up to finish their (second) rak'a. There are narrations on this topic from Jabir, Hudhaifah, Zaid bin Thabit, Ibn Abbas, Abu Hurairah, Ibn Masud, SahI bin Abi Hathmah, Abu Ayyash Az-Zurqi (whose name is Zaid bin Samit) and Abu Bakrah (رضي الله تعالى عنهم). Imam Tirmidhi said, ‘Malik bin Anas followed the Hadith of Sahl bin Abi Hathmah about Salat Al-Khawf, and it is the view of Ash-Shafi'i.’ Ahmad said, ‘Salat Al-Khawf has been reported from the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) in different ways, and I do not know anything but authentic Hadith about this topic.’ And he preferred the Hadith of Sahi bin Abi Hathmah. A similar view was expressed by Ishaq bin Ibrahim, ‘the narrations, from the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) about Salat Al-Khawf are confirmed. He saw that all that was reported from the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) about Salat Al-Khawf then it is allowed depending upon the degree of the fear.’ Ishaq said, ‘we do not prefer the Hadith of Sahi bin Abi Hathmah over the other narrations.’ The Hadith of Ibn Umar (رضي الله تعالى عنه) is a Hasan Sahih Hadith, it has been reported similarly by Musa bin Uqbah from Nafi', from Ibn Umar (رضي الله تعالى عنه), from the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم).

Sahl bin Abi Hathmah said about Salat Al-Khawf that, ’the Imam stands facing the Qiblah while a group of them stand with him, and a group is before the enemy, facing the enemy. He leads them in a rak'a, and they perform a bowing by themselves, and they perform two prostrations in their places. Then they go to take the position of the others and the others come (for prayers). He (the Imam) bows for one rak'a with them and performs two prostrations with them. That is two for him and one for them, then they perform one bowing and two prostrations.’

Imam Tirmidhi said, ‘Muhammad bin Bashar said, ‘I asked Yahya bin Sa'eed (narrators in # 023) about this Hadith. So he narrated it to me from Shu'bah, from Abdur-Rahman bin Al-Qasim, from his father, from Salih bin Khawwat, from Sahl bin Abi Hathmah, from the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم), the same as the Hadith of Yahya bin Sa'eed Al-Ansari.’ And he (Yahya) said to me, ‘write it next to it.’ He did not memorize the Hadith better though, rather it is the same Hadith as that of Yahya bin Sa'eed Al-Ansari (a Hadith similar to # 023 above), with a different chain of narrators). Imam Tirmidhi said, ‘this Hadith is Hasan Sahih. Yaya bin Sa'eed Al Ansari did not narrate it from Al Qasim bin Muhammad in Marfu' form, similarly the companions of Yabya bin Sa'eed Al-Anari reported it as Mawquf. It is Shu'bah who narrated it in Marfu' form from Abdur-Rahman bin Al Qasim bin Muhammad.’ Imam Tirmidhi said, ‘Muhammad bin Bashar said, ‘I asked Yahya bin Sa'eed (narrators in # 023) about this Hadith. So he narrated it to me from Shu'bah, from Abdur-Rahman bin Al-Qasim, from his father, from Salih bin Khawwat, from Sahl bin Abi Hathmah, from the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم), the same as the Hadith of Yahya bin Sa'eed Al-Ansari.’ And he (Yahya) said to me, ‘write it next to it.’ He did not memorize the Hadith better though, rather it is the same Hadith as that of Yahya bin Sa'eed Al-Ansari (a Hadith similar to # 023 above), with a different chain of narrators). Imam Tirmidhi said, ‘this Hadith is Hasan Sahih. Yaya bin Sa'eed Al Ansari did not narrate it from Al Qasim bin Muhammad in Marfu' form, similarly the companions of Yabya bin Sa'eed Al-Anari reported it as Mawquf. It is Shu'bah who narrated it in Marfu' form from Abdur-Rahman bin Al Qasim bin Muhammad.’

Malik from Yazid bin Ruman narrated from Salih bin Khawwat, from someone who prayed Salat Al-Khawf with the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم), and he mentioned a similar narration. Imam Tirmidhi said, ‘this Hadith is Hasan Sahih. This is the view of Malik, Ash Shafi'i, Ahmad, and Ishaq. It has been reported by more than one, that the Prophet ( صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) would lead the two groups with one in one rak'a and one in another rak'a, so that would be two rak'a for the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) and one and one for each of them. Imam Tirmidhi said, ‘Abu Ayyash Az Zurql's name is Zaid bin Samit.