6.

The Book of Charity (Zakat)

٦-

كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ

1

Chapter of Clarification that Giving Zakat is a Rule of Islam according to the Two Trustworthy Ones: the Trustworthy of Heaven, Gabriel, and the Trustworthy of Earth, Muhammad the Prophet, peace be upon them.

بَابُ الْبَيَانِ أَنَّ إِيتَاءَ الزَّكَاةِ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ بِحُكْمِ الْأَمِينَيْنِ‏:‏ أَمِينِ السَّمَاءِ جِبْرِيلَ، وَأَمِينِ الْأَرْضِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا

2

Chapter of Clarification that Giving Zakat is part of Faith; since Faith and Islam are two names for one meaning.

بَابُ الْبَيَانِ أَنَّ إِيتَاءَ الزَّكَاةِ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ؛ إِذِ الْإِيمَانُ وَالْإِسْلَامُ اسْمَانِ لِمَعْنًى وَاحِدٍ

3

Chapter of the Command to Fight Those Who Withhold Zakat;

بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِقِتَالِ مَانِعِ الزَّكَاةِ؛

4

Chapter of Evidence that the Blood and Wealth of a Person are Forbidden Only After Bearing Witness, Establishing Prayer, and Giving Zakat When Obligated.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ دَمَ الْمَرْءِ وَمَالَهَ إِنَّمَا يَحْرُمَانِ بَعْدَ الشَّهَادَةِ بِإِقَامِ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ إِذَا وَجَبَتْ،

5

Chapter Mentioning the Entry of Those Who Withhold Zakat into Hell with the First to Enter It; we seek refuge in Allah from the Fire.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ إِدْخَالِ مَانِعِ الزَّكَاةِ النَّارَ مَعَ أَوَائِلِ مَنْ يَدْخُلُهَا، بِاللَّهِ نَتَعَوَّذُ مِنَ النَّارِ

6

Chapter Mentioning the Curse of Those Who Withhold Charity.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ لَعْنِ لَاوِي الصَّدَقَةِ الْمُمْتَنِعِ مِنْ أَدَائِهَا

7

Chapter of the Description of the Types of Punishment for Those Who Withhold Zakat on the Day of Resurrection, Before the Separation Between Creation; we seek refuge in Allah from His Punishment.

بَابُ صِفَاتِ أَلْوَانِ عِقَابِ مَانِعِ الزَّكَاةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، قَبْلَ الْفَصْلِ بَيْنَ الْخَلْقِ، نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ عَذَابِهِ

8

Chapter Mentioning Some Types of Withholding Zakat.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ بَعْضِ أَلْوَانِ مَانِعِ الزَّكَاةِ

9

Chapter Mentioning Narrations Reported from the Prophet - peace be upon him - Regarding Treasure in a General and Unexplained Manner.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ أَخْبَارٍ رُوِيَتْ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْكَنْزِ مُجْمَلَةً غَيْرَ مُفَسَّرَةٍ

10

Chapter Mentioning the Report that Explains Treasure.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الْخَبَرِ الْمُفَسِّرِ لِلْكَنْزِ،

11

Chapter Mentioning Another Evidence that the Threat to Hoarders is for Those Who Withhold Zakat and Not for Those Who Pay It.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ دَلِيلٍ آخَرَ عَلَى أَنَّ الْوَعِيدَ لِلْمُكْتَنِزِ هُوَ لِمَانِعِ الزَّكَاةِ دُونَ مَنْ يُؤَدِّيهَا

12

Chapter of the Pledge of the Imam for People to Give Zakat.

بَابُ بَيْعَةِ الْإِمَامِ النَّاسَ عَلَى إِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ

13

Chapter Mentioning the Clarification that the Obligation of Zakat Was Before the Hijra to the Land of Abyssinia, as the Prophet was Residing in Mecca Before His Hijra to Medina.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الْبَيَانِ أَنَّ فَرْضَ الزَّكَاةِ كَانَ قَبْلَ الْهِجْرَةِ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ، إِذِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُقِيمٌ بِمَكَّةَ قَبْلَ هِجْرَتِهِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ‏.‏

14

Chapter of the Obligation of Charity from Camels and Sheep.

بَابُ فَرْضِ صَدَقَةِ الْإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ

15

Chapter Mentioning the Evidence that Young and Old Camels and Sheep are Counted Against Their Owner When the Collector Takes Charity from Them.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ صِغَارَ الْإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَكِبَارَهُمَا تُعَدُّ عَلَى مَالِكِهَا عِنْدَ أَخْذِ السَّاعِي الصَّدَقَةَ مِنْ مَالِكِهَا

16

Chapter of the Evidence that Charity is Not Obligatory on "Less than Five Camels or Less than Forty Sheep.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَا تَجِبُ ‏"‏ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسٍ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ وَلَا فِيمَا دُونَ الْأَرْبَعِينَ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ،

17

Chapter Mentioning the Evidence that the Name Zakat Also Applies to the Charity of Livestock, as Charity and Zakat are Two Names for the Obligation in Wealth.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ اسْمَ الزَّكَاةِ أَيْضًا وَاقِعٌ عَلَى صَدَقَةِ الْمَوَاشِي، إِذِ الصَّدَقَةُ وَالزَّكَاةُ اسْمَانِ ‏[‏231 – أ‏]‏ لِلْوَاجِبِ فِي الْمَالِ

18

Chapter Mentioning the Evidence that Charity is Only Obligatory on Camels and Sheep in Their Own Kind, Contrary to the Claim that There is Charity in the Camels of the Workers.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ إِنَّمَا تَجِبُ فِي الْإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ فِي سِوَائِمِهَا دُونَ غَيْرِهِمَا، ضِدُّ قَوْلِ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ فِي الْإِبِلِ الْعَوَامِلِ صَدَقَةً‏.‏

19

Chapter of Charity for Cattle Mentioning a General Unexplained Term.

بَابُ صَدَقَةِ الْبَقَرِ بِذِكْرِ لَفْظٍ مُجْمَلٍ غَيْرِ مُفَسَّرٍ

20

Chapter Mentioning the Report that Explains the Term I Mentioned.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الْخَبَرِ الْمُفَسِّرِ لِلَفْظَةِ الْجُمْلَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْتُهَا،

21

Chapter of the Prohibition of Taking a Young Female Camel in Charity Without the Owner's Consent.

بَابُ النَّهْيِ عَنْ أَخْذِ اللَّبُونِ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ بِغَيْرِ رِضَى صَاحِبِ الْمَاشِيَةِ

22

Chapter of Forbidding the Removal of the Old and Defective and the Male Goat in Charity Without the Will of the Donor, and Permitting Their Taking if the Donor Desires and Wishes.

بَابُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ إِخْرَاجِ الْهَرِمَةِ وَالْمَعِيبَةِ وَالتَّيْسِ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ بِغَيْرِ مَشِيئَةِ الْمُصَّدِّقِ وَإِبَاحَةِ أَخْذِهِنَّ إِذَا شَاءَ الْمُصَّدِّقُ وَأَرَادَ‏.‏

23

Chapter Permitting the Imam to Curse the One Who Gives Old Livestock in Charity that He Should Not Be Blessed in His Livestock, and His Prayer for the One Who Gives His Best Livestock in Charity that He Should Be Blessed in His Wealth.

بَابُ إِبَاحَةِ دُعَاءِ الْإِمَامِ عَلَى مُخْرِجِ مُسِنِّ مَاشِيَتِهِ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ بِأَنْ لَا يُبَارَكَ لَهُ فِي مَاشِيَتِهِ وَدُعَائِهِ لِمُخْرِجِ أَفْضَلِ مَاشِيَتِهِ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ بِأَنْ يُبَارَكَ لَهُ فِي مَالِهِ‏.‏

24

Chapter on prohibiting the collector from taking the choice of wealth with mention of a general unelaborated report.

بَابُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَخْذِ الْمُصَدِّقِ خِيَارَ الْمَالِ ‏[‏232- أ‏]‏ بِذِكْرِ خَبَرٍ مُجْمَلٍ غَيْرِ مُفَسَّرٍ‏.‏

25

Chapter on Mentioning the Explained Report for the General Expression That I Mentioned

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الْخَبَرِ الْمُفَسِّرِ لِلَّفْظَةِ الْمُجْمَلَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْتُهَا،

26

Chapter on prohibiting the gathering between the scattered and the separating between the gathered in livestock due to fear of the charity and the retreat of the two mixtures between them equally in what the collector has taken from both of their livestoc

بَابُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ الْجَمْعِ بَيْنَ الْمُتَفَرِّقِ وَالتَّفْرِيقِ بَيْنَ الْمُجْتَمِعِ فِي السَّوَائِمِ خِيفَةَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَتَرَاجُعِ الْخَلِيطَيْنِ بَيْنَهُمَا بِالسَّوِيَّةِ فِيمَا أَخَذَ الْمُصَدِّقُ مَاشِيَتَهُمَا جَمِيعًا

27

Chapter on the prohibition of bringing when taking charity from livestock.

بَابُ النَّهْيِ عَنِ الْجَلَبِ عِنْدَ أَخْذِ الصَّدَقَةِ مِنَ الْمَوَاشِي،

28

Chapter on taking sheep and dirhams in what is between the teeth of camels that must be in charity if the necessary tooth is not found in the camels.

بَابُ أَخْذِ الْغَنَمِ وَالدَّرَاهِمِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ أَسْنَانِ الْإِبِلِ الَّتِي يَجِبُ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ إِذَا لَمْ يُوجَدِ السِّنُ الْوَاجِبَةُ فِي الْإِبِلِ،

29

Chapter on the obligation of the charity's camels when they are received in charity.

بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِسِمَةِ إِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ إِذَا قُبِضَتْ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ

30

Chapter on the characteristic of the charity's sheep when received.

بَابُ سِمَةِ غَنَمِ الصَّدَقَةِ إِذَا قُبِضَتْ

31

Chapter on the exemption of charity—charity of wealth—from horses and slaves—by mentioning a summarized unelaborated term in the slaves specifically.

بَابُ إِسْقَاطِ الصَّدَقَةِ- صَدَقَةِ الْمَالِ عَنِ الْخَيْلِ وَالرَّقِيقِ- بِذِكْرِ لَفْظٍ مُخْتَصَرٍ غَيْرِ مُسْتَقْصًى فِي الرَّقِيقِ خَاصَّةً

32

Chapter on the mention of the report that elaborates on the summarized term that I mentioned in the charity of the slaves.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الْخَبَرِ الْمُسْتَقْصِي لِلَّفْظَةِ الْمُخْتَصَرَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْتُهَا فِي صَدَقَةِ ‏[‏233- ب‏]‏ الرَّقِيقِ،

33

Chapter on the mention of the Sunnah indicating the meaning of Umar ibn al-Khattab's taking from the horses and slaves in charity.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ السُّنَّةِ الدَّالَّةِ عَلَى مَعْنَى أَخْذِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ الْخَيْلِ وَالرَّقِيقِ الصَّدَقَةَ

34

Chapter on the mention of the exemption of charity from donkeys along with the evidence for its exemption from horses.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ إِسْقَاطِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَنِ الْحُمُرِ مَعَ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى إِسْقَاطِهَا عَنِ الْخَيْلِ،

35

Chapter on the allowance of delaying the imam's division of the charity after taking it and allowing sending the charity livestock to pasture until the imam sees its division.

بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي تَأْخِيرِ الْإِمَامِ قَسْمَ الصَّدَقَةِ بَعْدَ أَخْذِهِ إِيَّاهَا، وَإِبَاحَةِ بِعْثَةِ مَوَاشِي الصَّدَقَةِ إِلَى الرَّعِي، إِلَى أَنْ يَرَى الْإِمَامُ قَسْمَهَا

36

Chapter on the exemption of the obligatory Zakat from less than five awqiyah of silver.

بَابُ إِسْقَاطِ فَرْضِ الزَّكَاةِ عَمَّا دُونَ خَمْسِ أَوَاقٍ مِنَ الْوَرِقِ

37

Chapter on the evidence that five awqiyah is two hundred dirhams.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى ‏[‏أَنَّ‏]‏ الْخَمْسَةَ الْأَوَاقِ هِيَ مِائَتَا دِرْهَمٍ‏.‏

38

Chapter on the mention of the amount of Zakat in silver if it reaches five awqiyah.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ مَبْلَغِ الزَّكَاةِ فِي الْوَرِقِ إِذَا بَلَغَ خَمْسَ أَوَاقٍ

39

Chapter on the clarification that Zakat is obligatory on what exceeds two hundred of silver.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الْبَيَانِ أَنَّ الزَّكَاةَ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى مَا زَادَ عَلَى الْمِائَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْوَرِقِ

40

Chapter on the evidence that Zakat is not obligatory on jewelry, as the term silver in the language of the Arabs, whom we addressed in their language, does not scientifically apply to jewelry that is worn.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ الزَّكَاةَ غَيْرُ وَاجِبَةٍ عَلَى الْحُلِيِّ، إِذِ اسْمُ الْوَرِقِ فِي لُغَةِ الْعَرَبِ الَّذِينَ خُوطِبْنَا بِلُغَتِهِمْ لَا يَقَعُ – عِلْمِي- عَلَى الْحُلِيِّ الَّذِي هُوَ مَتَاعٌ مَلْبُوسٌ‏.‏

41

Chapter on the mention of the exemption of charity from less than five wasqs.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ إِسْقَاطِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَمَّا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ

42

Chapter on the obligation of charity in wheat and dates if one of them reaches five wasqs.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ إِيجَابِ الصَّدَقَةِ فِي الْبُرِّ وَالتَّمْرِ إِذَا بَلَغَ الصِّنْفُ الْوَاحِدُ مِنْهُمَا خَمْسَةَ أَوْسُقٍ

43

Chapter on the mention of the evidence that the Prophet (peace be upon him) only made Zakat obligatory in wheat if it reaches five wasqs.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّمَا أَوْجَبَ فِي الْبُرِّ الزَّكَاةَ إِذَا بَلَغَ الْبُرُّ خَمْسَةَ أَوْسَاقٍ،

44

Chapter on the obligation of charity in raisins if it reaches five wasqs, and in the heart of this chain.

بَابُ إِيجَابِ الصَّدَقَةِ فِي الزَّبِيبِ إِذَا بَلَغَ خَمْسَةَ أَوْسُقٍ، وَفِي الْقَلْبِ مِنْ هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ،

45

Chapter on the mention of the obligatory amount of charity in grains and fruits.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ مَبْلَغِ الْوَاجِبِ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ فِي الْحُبُوبِ وَالثِّمَارِ،

46

Chapter on the mention of the amount of wasq if the report is correct.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ مَبْلَغِ الْوَسْقِ إِنْ صَحَّ الْخَبَرُ،

47

Chapter on the prohibition of offering bad grains and dates in charity.

بَابُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ إِخْرَاجِ الْحُبُوبِ وَالتُّمُورِ الرَّدِيئَةِ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ،

48

Chapter on the time of the imam's estimation of the fruits.

بَابُ وَقْتِ بِعْثَةِ الْإِمَامِ الْخَارِصَ يَخْرُصُ الثِّمَارَ

49

Chapter on the Sunnah in estimating grapes to take their Zakat as raisins just as the Zakat of the palm is taken as dates.

بَابُ السُّنَّةِ فِي خَرْصِ الْعِنَبِ لِتُؤْخَذَ زَكَاتُهُ زَبِيبًا كَمَا تُؤْخَذُ زَكَاةُ النَّخْلِ تَمْرًا

50

Chapter on the Sunnah regarding the amount the estimator is commanded to leave of fruits.

بَابُ السُّنَّةِ فِي قَدْرِ مَا يُؤْمَرُ الْخَارِصُ بِتَرْكِهِ مِنَ الثِّمَارِ

51

Chapter on the obligation of giving charity in hardship and ease, and the severity of preventing Zakat in hardship.

بَابُ فَرْضِ إِخْرَاجِ الصَّدَقَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ، وَالتَّغْلِيظِ فِي مَنْعِ الزَّكَاةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ

52

Chapter on the mention of the clarification that the Prophet (peace be upon him) only intended by relief and sending—in this context—hardship and ease.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الْبَيَانِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّمَا أَرَادَ بِالنَّجْدَةِ وَالرِّسْلِ- فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ- الْعُسْرَ وَالْيُسْرَ،

53

Chapter on the mention of taking charity from minerals if the report is correct; for in the heart of this connection.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ أَخْذِ الصَّدَقَةِ مِنَ الْمَعَادِنِ إِنَّ صَحَّ الْخَبَرُ، فَإِنَّ فِي الْقَلْبِ مِنَ اتِّصَالِ هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ

54

Chapter on the mention of charity from honey if the report is correct; for in the heart of this chain.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ صَدَقَةِ الْعَسَلِ إِنْ صَحَّ الْخَبَرُ؛ فَإِنَّ فِي الْقَلْبِ مِنْ هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ

55

Chapter on the obligation of one-fifth in treasures.

بَابُ إِيجَابِ الْخُمُسِ فِي الرِّكَازِ

56

Chapter on the obligation of one-fifth in what is found in common ruins from the days of ignorance.

بَابُ وُجُوبِ الْخُمُسِ فِيمَا يُوجَدُ فِي الْخَرِبِ الْعَادِيِّ مِنْ دَفْنِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ،

57

Chapter on the allowance of giving charity before the year is complete on the wealth, and the difference between the obligatory charity that must be in wealth and the obligatory charity on livestock.

بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي تَقْدِيمِ الصَّدَقَةِ قَبْلَ حُلُولِ الْحَوْلِ عَلَى الْمَالِ، وَالْفَرْقِ بَيْنَ الْفَرْضِ الَّذِي يَجِبُ فِي الْمَالِ وَبَيْنَ الْفَرْضِ الْوَاجِبِ عَلَى الْبُدْنِ

58

Chapter on the imam's borrowing of wealth for the people of the charity's share and returning it from the charity when it is taken after borrowing.

بَابُ اسْتِسْلَافِ الْإِمَامِ الْمَالَ لِأَهْلِ سُهْمَانِ الصَّدَقَةِ وَرَدِّهِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ إِذَا قُبِضَتْ بَعْدَ الِاسْتِسْلَافِ

59

Chapter on the mention of the severity on the collectors by mentioning a general unelaborated report.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ التَّغْلِيظِ عَلَى السِّعَايَةِ بِذِكْرِ خَبَرٍ مُجْمَلٍ غَيْرِ مُفَسَّرٍ

60

Chapter on the mention of the evidence that the severity in action on the collector mentioned in the report of ‘Uqbah is on the collector, if he does not act justly in his work and transgresses and oppresses.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ التَّغْلِيظَ فِي الْعَمَلِ عَلَى السِّعَايَةِ الْمَذْكُورَ فِي خَبَرِ عُقْبَةَ هُوَ فِي السَّاعِي، إِذَا لَمْ يَعْدِلْ فِي عَمَلِهِ وَجَارَ وَظَلَمَ،

61

Chapter on the severity in transgression in charity and the representation of the transgressor in it by its preventer.

بَابٌ فِي التَّغْلِيظِ فِي الِاعْتِدَاءِ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ وَتَمْثِيلِ الْمُعْتَدِي فِيهَا بِمَانِعِهَا

62

Chapter on the severity in the embezzlement of the collector from the charity.

بَابُ التَّغْلِيظِ فِي غُلُولِ السَّاعِي مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ

63

Chapter on the mention of the clarification that what the collector conceals from a little or much wealth from the imam is what he concealed as embezzlement.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الْبَيَانِ أَنَّ مَا كَتَمَ السَّاعِي مِنْ قَلِيلِ الْمَالِ أَوْ كَثِيرِهِ عَنِ الْإِمَامِ كَانَ مَا كَتَمَ غُلُولًا‏.‏

64

Chapter on the severity in the acceptance of the collector's gift from those who take on the collection.

بَابُ التَّغْلِيظِ فِي قَبُولِ الْمُصَدِّقِ الْهَدِيَّةَ مِمَّنْ يَتَوَلَّى السِّعَايَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ

65

Chapter on the description of the collector's coming on the Day of Resurrection with what he embezzled from charity, and the imam's order to hold the collector accountable when he comes from his collection.

بَابُ صِفَةِ إِتْيَانِ السَّاعِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِمَا غَلَّ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ، وَأَمْرُ الْإِمَامِ بِمُحَاسَبَةِ السَّاعِي إِذَا ‏[‏238‏:‏ ب‏]‏ قَدِمَ مِنْ سِعَايَتِهِ

66

Chapter on the command to satisfy the collector and to issue him satisfied with the owners of the wealth.

بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِإِرْضَاءِ الْمُصَدِّقِ وَإِصْدَارِهِ رَاضِيًا عَنْ أَصْحَابِ الْأَمْوَالِ

67

Chapter on the prohibition of using the Prophet's (peace be upon him) clients on the charity when they request wages, as they are among those to whom the obligatory charity is not lawful.

بَابُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ اسْتِعْمَالِ مَوَالِي النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ إِذَا طَلَبُوا الْعِمَالَةَ، إِذْ هُمْ مِمَّنْ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُمُ الصَّدَقَةُ الْمَفْرُوضَةُ

68

Chapter on the prohibition of using the Prophet's (peace be upon him) clients on charity when they request wages for collection.

بَابُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ اسْتِعْمَالِ مَوَالِي النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ إِذَا طَلَبُوا الْعِمَالَةَ عَلَى السِّعَايَةِ،

69

Chapter on the imam's prayer for what has been taken from him in charity following the command of Allah—Exalted and Majestic—through His Prophet (peace be upon him).

بَابُ صَلَاةِ الْإِمَامِ عَلَى الْمَأْخُوذِ مِنْهُ الصَّدَقَةُ اتْبَاعًا لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ- عَزَّ وَجِلَّ- بِنَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

70

Chapter on the command to distribute charity among the people of the town from whom the charity is taken.

بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِقَسْمِ الصَّدَقَةِ فِي أَهْلِ الْبَلْدَةِ الَّتِي تُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُمُ الصَّدَقَةُ

71

Chapter on the mention of the prohibition of the obligatory charity on the chosen Prophet (peace be upon him).

بَابُ ذِكْرِ تَحْرِيمِ الصَّدَقَةِ الْمَفْرُوضَةِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ الْمُصْطَفَى صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

72

Chapter on the mention of the clarification that the guardians of the children from the family of the Prophet (peace be upon him) are prevented from eating what is prohibited for adults.

بَابُ ذِكْرِالْبَيَانِ أَنّ عَلٰی أَوْلِيَاءِ الْأَطفَالِ مِنْ اٰلِ النَّبِیِّ صلَّی اللّٰہُ عَلَیْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْعُھُمْ مِنْ أَكْلِ مَا حُرِّمَ عَلَی اَلْبَالِغِیْنَ

73

Chapter on the mention of the evidence that the prohibited charity for the Prophet (peace be upon him) is the obligatory charity that Allah made obligatory on the wealthy in the wealth of the charity's shares, without the voluntary charity.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ الْمُحَرَّمَةَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هِيَ الصَّدَقَةُ الْمَفْرُوضَةُ الَّتِي أَوْجَبَهَا اللَّهُ فِي أَمْوَالِ الْأَغْنِيَاءِ لِأَهْلِ سُهْمَانِ الصَّدَقَةِ، دُونَ صَدَقَةِ التَّ

74

Chapter on the mention of other indications that the Prophet (peace be upon him) only intended by his saying: "Charity is not lawful for the family of Muhammad"—the obligatory charity without the voluntary charity.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ دَّلَائِلِ أُخْرَى عَلَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّمَا أَرَادَ بِقَوْلِهِ‏:‏ ‏"‏ إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ لِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ‏"‏- صَدَقَةَ الْفَرِيضَةِ دُونَ صَدَقَةِ التَّطَوُّعِ

75

Chapter on the evidence that the children of Abdul Muttalib are among the family of the Prophet (peace be upon him) who are prohibited from receiving alms, contrary to the claim of those who say that the family of the Prophet (peace be upon him) are the o

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ هُمْ مِنْ آلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الَّذِينَ حُرِمُوا الصَّدَقَةَ، لَا كَمَا قَالَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ آلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الَّذِينَ حُرِمُوا

76

Chapter on giving to the poor from alms, following Allah's command in His saying: "Indeed, alms are for the poor" [Surah At-Tawbah: 60].

بَابُ إِعْطَاءِ الْفُقَرَاءِ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ اتْبَاعًا لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ فِي قَوْلِهِ‏:‏ ‏[‏إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ‏]‏‏.‏ ‏[‏التَّوْبَةِ‏:‏ 60‏]‏

77

Chapter on the alms of the poor who are allowed to ask for alms.

بَابُ صَدَقَةِ الْفَقِيرِ الَّذِي يَجُوزُ لَهُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ،

78

Chapter on the evidence that the testimony of those who have reason in this matter is the oath, as Allah - Mighty and Majestic - has called the oath in li'an a testimony.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ شَهَادَةَ ذَوِي الْحِجَا فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ هِيَ الْيَمِينُ، إِذِ اللَّهُ- عَزَّ وَجَلَّ- قَدْ سَمَّى الْيَمِينَ فِي اللِّعَانِ شَهَادَةً

79

Chapter on the permission to give to someone who has a property from alms, if a calamity has struck his harvest that has diminished it to the extent that it covers his poverty.

بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي إِعْطَاءِ مَنْ لَهُ ضَيْعَةٌ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ، إِذَا أَصَابَتْ غَلَّتَهُ جَائِحَةٌ أَذْهَبَتْ غَلَّتَهُ قَدْرَ مَا يَسُدُّ فَاقَتَهُ

80

Chapter on giving to orphans from alms if they are poor - if the report is proven, indeed in the soul of Ash'ath bin Suwar - and if this report is not proven.

بَابُ إِعْطَاءِ الْيَتَامَى مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ إِذَا كَانُوا فُقَرَاءَ- إِنْ ثَبَتَ الْخَبَرُ، فَإِنَّ فِي النَّفْسِ مِنْ أَشْعَثَ بْنِ سَوَّارٍ - وَإِنْ لَمْ يَثْبُتْ هَذَا الْخَبَرُ

81

Chapter on the description of the poor whom Allah has commanded to give from alms.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ صِفَةِ الْمُسْكِينَ الَّذِي أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِإِعْطَائِهِمْ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ

82

Chapter on giving to the worker in alms a livelihood for his work.

بَابُ إِعْطَاءِ الْعَامِلِ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ مِنْهَا رِزْقًا لِعَمَلِهِ،

83

Chapter on the evidence that the worker in alms, if he works on it voluntarily without the intention of receiving compensation for his work, the imam gives him a livelihood from it without asking or any conditions.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ الْعَامِلَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ إِنْ عَمِلَ عَلَيْهَا مُتَطَوِّعًا بِالْعَمَلِ بِغَيْرِ إِرَادَةٍ وَنِيَّةٍ لِأَخْذِ عُمَالَةٍ عَلَى عَمَلِهِ فَأَعْطَاهُ الْإِمَامُ لِعُمَالَتِهِ رِزْقًا مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةِ وَلَا إِشْرَ

84

Chapter on giving the worker in alms a compensation from alms even if he is rich.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ إِعْطَاءِ الْعَامِلِ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ عُمَالَةً مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَإِنْ كَانَ غَنِيًّا

85

Chapter on the imam's obligation to provide a known livelihood for the worker in alms.

بَابُ فَرْضِ الْإِمَامِ لِلْعَامِلِ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ رِزْقًا مَعْلُومًا

86

Chapter on the imam's permission for the worker to marry, and to take a servant and residence from alms.

بَابُ إِذْنِ الْإِمَامِ لِلْعَامِلِ بِالتَّزْوِيجِ، وَاتِّخَاذِ الْخَادِمِ وَالْمَسْكَنِ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ

87

Chapter on giving to those whose hearts are reconciled from alms to secure them for the gift.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ إِعْطَاءِ الْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ لِيَسْلَمُوا لِلْعَطِيَةِ

88

Chapter on giving to the leaders of the people and their heads in Islam as a means of reconciliation through the gift.

بَابُ إِعْطَاءِ رُؤَسَاءِ النَّاسِ وَقَادَتِهِمْ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ تَأَلُّفًا بِالْعَطِيَّةِ

89

Chapter on giving to the debtors from alms even if they are rich according to a general report that is not explained.

بَابُ إِعْطَاءِ الْغَارِمِينَ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَإِنْ كَانُوا أَغْنِيَاءَ بِلَفْظِ خَبَرٍ مُجْمَلٍ غَيْرِ مُفَسَّرٍ

90

Chapter on the evidence that the debtor who is permissible to give from alms.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ الْغَارِمَ الَّذِي يَجُوزُ إِعْطَاؤُهُ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ

91

Chapter on the permission to give to those who are performing Hajj from the share of the way of Allah, as Hajj is from the way of Allah.

بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي إِعْطَاءِ مَنْ يَحُجُّ مِنْ سَهْمِ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، إِذِ الْحَجُّ مِنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ

92

Chapter on giving the imam a camel from alms so they can perform Hajj on it.

بَابُ إِعْطَاءِ الْإِمَامِ الْحَاجَّ إِبِلَ الصَّدَقَةِ لِيَحُجُّوا عَلَيْهَا

93

Chapter on the permission to give to the imam who has pronounced a divorce from alms to atone for his divorce, if he is not able to afford the expiation.

بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي إِعْطَاءِ الْإِمَامِ الْمُظَاهِرَ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ مَا يُكَفِّرُ بِهِ عَنْ ظِهَارَهِ، إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ وَاجِدًا لِلْكَفَّارَةِ

94

Chapter on the imam's directive to divide the alms where he takes it, if the report is valid, for in the heart of Ash'ath bin Suwar, and if this report is not proven, then the report of Ibn Abbas regarding the matter of the Prophet (peace be upon him).

بَابُ أَمْرِ الْإِمَامِ الْمُصَدِّقَ بِقَسْمِ الصَّدَقَةِ حَيْثُ يَقْبِضُ، إِنْ صَحَّ الْخَبَرُ، فَإِنَّ فِي الْقَلْبِ مِنْ أَشْعَثَ بْنِ سَوَّارٍ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَثْبُتْ هَذَا الْخَبَرُ، فَخَبَرُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي أَمْرِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ

95

Chapter on transporting the alms of the people of the deserts to the imam; so that he may distribute it.

بَابُ حَمْلِ صَدَقَاتِ أَهْلِ الْبَوَادِي إِلَى الْإِمَامِ؛ لِيَكُونَ هُوَ الْمُفَرِّقُ لَهَا

96

Chapter on transporting the alms from the cities to the imam so that he may distribute it to the people of alms.

بَابُ حَمْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ مِنَ الْمُدُنِ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ لِيَتَوَلَّى تَفْرِقَتَهَا عَلَى أَهْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ

97

Chapter on the permission to distribute a person's alms without giving it to the governor.

بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي قَسْمِ الْمَرْءِ صَدَقَتَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ دَفْعِهَا إِلَى الْوَالِي،

98

Chapter on giving the imam the blood money of someone whose killer is unknown from alms.

بَابُ إِعْطَاءِ الْإِمَامِ دِيَةَ مَنْ لَا يُعْرَفُ قَاتِلُهُ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ،

99

Chapter on the desirability of preferring one's relatives with their alms over those who are farther away, for the organization of alms, and maintaining ties with that gift.

بَابُ اسْتِحْبَابِ إِيثَارِ الْمَرْءِ بِصَدَقَتِهِ قَرَابَتَهُ دُونَ الْأَبَاعِدِ، لِانْتِظَامِ الصَّدَقَةِ، وَصِلَةٍ مَعًا بِتِلْكَ الْعَطِيَّةِ

100

Chapter on the virtue of alms over those who are related yet are strong.

بَابُ فَضْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى ذِي الرَّحِمِ الْكَاشِحِ

101

Chapter on the prohibition of alms on the healthy and able to earn.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ تَحْرِيمِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى الْأَصِحَّاءِ الْأَقْوِيَاءِ عَلَى الْكَسْبِ،

102

Chapter on the evidence that the Prophet (peace be upon him) intended by this alms - which he informed that it is not permissible for the rich or the healthy - the obligatory alms and not the voluntary alms.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّمَا أَرَادَ بِهَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةِ- الَّتِي أَعْلَمَ أَنَّهَا لَا تَحِلُّ لِلْغَنِيِّ وَلَا لِلسَّوِيِّ- صَدَقَةَ الْفَرِيضَةِ دُونَ صَدَقَةِ التَّطَوُّعِ

103

Chapter on the permission to give to the imam from alms someone who mentions a need and poverty, of which the imam knows nothing about, without asking about his situation, is he a poor needy or not?

بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي إِعْطَاءِ الْإِمَامِ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ مَنْ يَذْكُرُ حَاجَةً وَفَاقَةً لَا يَعْلَمُ الْإِمَامُ مِنْهُ خِلَافَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ عَنْ حَالِهِ، أَهُوَ فَقِيرٌ مُحْتَاجٌ أُمْ لَا‏؟‏

104

Chapter on the desirability of abstaining from eating alms for those who find themselves wealthy. This means from the meanings, and even if he is among its people, as it is the washing away of the sins of the people.

بَابُ اسْتِحْبَابِ الِاسْتِعْفَافِ عَنْ أَكْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ لِمَنْ يَجِدُ عَنْهَا غِنًى‏.‏ يعْنِي مِنَ الْمَعَانِي، وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا إِذْ هِيَ غُسَالَةُ ذُنُوبِ النَّاسِ

105

Chapter on the dislike of asking for alms if the one asking has food for a day and a night that satisfies him, and even if taking from alms - without asking - is permissible.

بَابُ كَرَاهَةِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ إِذَا كَانَ سَائِلُهَا وَاجِدًا غَدَاءً أَوْ عَشَاءً يُشْبِعُهُ يَوْمًا وَلَيْلَةً، وَإِنْ كَانَ أَخْذُهُ لِلصَّدَقَةِ- مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ- جَائِزًا

106

Chapter on the obligation of Zakat al-Fitr and the clarification that Zakat al-Fitr is upon whom it is obligatory, contrary to the claim of those who say that it is a non-obligatory Sunnah.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ فَرْضِ زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ وَالْبَيَانُ عَلَى أَنَّ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ عَلَى مَنْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ زَكَاتُهُ، ضِدُّ قَوْلِ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّهَا سُنَّةٌ غَيْرُ فَرِيضَةٍ

107

Chapter on the evidence that the command for Zakat al-Fitr was before the obligation of Zakat on wealth.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ بِصَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ كَانَ قَبْلَ فَرْضٍ لِزَكَاةِ الْأَمْوَالِ

108

Chapter on the evidence that the obligation of Zakat al-Fitr is upon male and female, free and enslaved.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ فَرْضَ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ عَلَى الذَّكَرِ وَالْأُنْثَى وَالْحُرِّ وَالْمَمْلُوكِ

109

Chapter on the evidence that Zakat al-Fitr for the enslaved is obligatory upon his owner, not upon the enslaved as some people have imagined.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ عَنِ الْمَمْلُوكِ وَاجِبٌ عَلَى مَالِكِهِ، لَا عَلَى الْمَمْلُوكِ كَمَا تَوَهَّمَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ‏.‏

110

Chapter on the evidence that Zakat al-Fitr for the enslaved is obligatory upon his owner.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ دَلِيلٍ ثَانٍ أَنَّ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ عَنِ الْمَمْلُوكِ وَاجِبٌ عَلَى مَالِكِهِ،

111

Chapter on the evidence that Zakat al-Fitr must be paid for Muslim slaves and not for polytheists.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ يَجِبُ أَدَاؤُهَا عَنِ الْمَمَالِيكِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ دُونَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ،

112

Chapter on the evidence that Zakat al-Fitr is obligatory upon everyone who can perform it.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ فَرْضٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ أَدَاءَهَا

113

Chapter on the evidence that Ramadan Zakat is only obligatory in the measure of the Prophet (peace be upon him).

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ زَكَاةَ رَمَضَانَ إِنَّمَا تَجِبُ بِصَاعِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

114

Chapter on the evidence that the obligation of Zakat al-Fitr is upon those who can perform it, and not upon those who cannot.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ فَرْضَ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ عَلَى مَنْ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَدَاءَهَا دُونَ مَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ‏.‏

115

Chapter on the obligation of Zakat al-Fitr upon minors, contrary to the claim of those who say that it is dropped from those who are excused from the obligation of prayer.

بَابُ إِيجَابِ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ عَلَى الصَّغِيرِ خِلَافَ قَوْلِ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّهَا سَاقِطَةٌ عَنْ مَنْ سَقَطَ عَنْهُ فَرْضُ الصَّلَاةِ‏.‏

116

Chapter on the timing of the obligation of Zakat al-Fitr in its measure of weight.

بَابُ تَوْقِيتِ فَرْضِ زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ فِي مَبْلَغِهِ مِنَ الْكَيْلِ‏.‏

117

Chapter on the evidence that the command for half a sa' of wheat was introduced by people after the Prophet (peace be upon him).

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ بِصَدَقَةِ نِصْفِ صَّاعِ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَحْدَثَهُ النَّاسُ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ الْمُصْطَفَى صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ‏.‏

118

Chapter on the evidence that they were commanded half a sa' of wheat if that was the value of a sa' of dates or barley.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّهُمْ أُمِرُوا بِنِصْفِ صَاعِ حِنْطَةٍ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ قِيمَةَ صَاعِ تَمْرٍ أَوْ شَعِيرٍ،

119

Chapter on mentioning the first introduction of the command for half a sa' of wheat, and mentioning the first who introduced it.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ أَوَّلِ مَا أُحْدِثَ الْأَمْرُ بِنِصْفِ صَاعٍ حِنْطَةَ، وَذِكْرِ أَوَّلِ مَنْ أَحْدَثَهُ‏.‏

120

Chapter on the giving of dates and barley in Zakat al-Fitr.

بَابُ إِخْرَاجِ التَّمْرِ وَالشَّعِيرِ فِي صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ

121

Chapter on the giving of raisins and dried curd in Zakat al-Fitr.

بَابُ إِخْرَاجِ الزَّبِيبِ وَالْأَقِطِ فِي صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ‏.‏

122

Chapter on the giving of all types of food in Zakat al-Fitr.

بَابُ إِخْرَاجِ السُّلْتِ صَدَقَةَ الْفِطْرِ،

123

Chapter on the evidence against the claim of those who say that hulailij and money are permissible to be given in Zakat al-Fitr.

بَابُ إِخْرَاجِ جَمِيعِ الْأَطْعِمَةِ فِي صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ، وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَى ضِدِّ قَوْلِ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ الْهُلَيْلِجَ وَالْفُلُوسَ جَائِزٌ إِخْرَاجُهَا فِي صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ

124

Chapter on the mention of Allah's praise - Mighty and Majestic - upon those who perform Zakat al-Fitr.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ ثَنَاءِ اللَّهِ- عَزَّ وَجَلَّ- عَلَى مُؤَدِّي صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ

125

The chapter on the command to give the charity of al-Fitr before people go out to the Eid prayer.

بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِأَدَاءِ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ النَّاسِ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الْعِيدِ

126

The chapter on the evidence that the Prophet's command to perform it on the day of al-Fitr and not on other days.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ أَمْرَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِأَدَائِهَا فِي يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ لَا فِي غَيْرِهِ

127

The chapter on the evidence that the prayer which the Prophet commanded to perform the charity of al-Fitr before going out to it is the Eid prayer and no other.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ الَّتِي أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِأَدَاءِ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ قَبْلَ الْخُرُوجِ إِلَيْهَا- صَلَاةُ الْعِيدِ لَا غَيْرُهَا

128

The chapter on the permission to delay the imam in distributing the charity of al-Fitr after the day of al-Fitr if it is given to him.

بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي تَأْخِيرِ الْإِمَامِ قَسْمَ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ عَنْ يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ إِذَا أُدِّيَتْ إِلَيْهِ

129

The chapter on the virtue of charity.

بَابُ فَضْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ

130

The chapter on the command to avoid the fire—may Allah protect us from it—by giving charity, even if little.

بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِاتِّقَاءِ النَّارِ- نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْهَا- بِالصَّدَقَةِ، وَإِنْ قَلَّتْ

131

The chapter on the shade of charity for its owner on the Day of Resurrection until the judgment is concluded between the servants.

بَابُ إِظْلَالِ الصَّدَقَةِ صَاحِبَهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِلَى الْفَرَاغِ مِنَ الْحُكْمِ بَيْنَ الْعِبَادِ

132

The chapter on the virtue of charity over other deeds if the report is authentic, for I do not know Abu Farwah for his justice or fault.

بَابُ فَضْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى غَيْرِهَا مِنَ الْأَعْمَالِ إِنْ صَحَّ الْخَبَرُ، فَإِنِّي لَا أَعْرِفُ أَبَا فَرْوَةَ بِعَدَالَةٍ وَلَا جَرْحٍ

133

The chapter on the evidence that charity with owned property is better than emancipating the one who gives it if the report is authentic.

بَابُ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ بِالْمَمْلُوكِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ عِتْقِ الْمُتَصَدِّقِ إِيَّاهُ إِنْ صَحَّ الْخَبَرُ

134

The chapter on the virtue of the one who gives charity over the one who receives it.

بَابُ فَضْلِ الْمُتَصَدِّقِ عَلَى الْمُتَصَدَّقِ عَلَيْهِ

135

The chapter on mentioning the growth of wealth through charity.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ نَمَاءِ الْمَالِ بِالصَّدَقَةِ ‏[‏247- ب‏]‏ مِنْهُ،

136

The chapter on the virtue of charity from the surplus of wealth over those whom the giver supports.

بَابُ فَضْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَنِ ظَهْرِ غِنًى يَفْضُلُ عَمَّنْ يَعُولُ الْمُتَصَدِّقُ

137

The chapter on the prohibition against a person giving all his wealth as charity.

بَابُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ صَدَقَةِ الْمَرْءِ بِمَالِهِ كُلِّهِ،

138

The chapter on the charity of the poor if he keeps for himself what he needs.

بَابُ صَدَقَةِ الْمُقِلِّ إِذَا أَبْقَى لِنَفْسِهِ قَدْرَ حَاجَتِهِ‏.‏

139

The chapter on mentioning the evidence that the Prophet only preferred the charity of the poor when it was a surplus over those he supports.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّمَا فَضَّلَ صَدَقَةَ الْمُقِلِّ إِذَا كَانَ فَضْلًا عَمَّنْ يَعُولُ،

140

The chapter on the severity of the issue of the wealthy concerning charity.

بَابُ التَّغْلِيظِ فِي مَسْأَلَةِ الْغَنِيِّ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ

141

The chapter on mentioning the wealthy who the question with him is persistent.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الْغَنِيِّ الَّذِي يَكُونُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ مَعَهُ إِلْحَافًا

142

The chapter on likening the persistent asker to someone who pesters.

بَابُ تَشْبِيهِ الْمُلْحِفِ بِمَنْ يَسِفُّ الْمَسْأَلَةَ

143

The chapter on the permission for charity to those whom he supports voluntarily.

بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى مَنْ يَمُونُهُ مُتَطَوِّعًا

144

The chapter on the virtue of charity towards owned slaves when they are with the master of evil, if the report is established.

بَابُ فَضْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى الْمَمَالِيكِ إِذَا كَانُوا عِنْدَ مَلِيكِ السُّوءِ، إِنْ ثَبَتَ الْخَبَرُ

145

The chapter on mentioning the evidence that the Prophet only preferred the charity of the poor when it was a surplus over those he supports, and not if he gave to the distant and left those he supports starving.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّمَا فَضَّلَ صَدَقَةَ الْمُقِلِّ إِذَا كَانَ فَضْلًا عَمَّنْ يَعُولُ، وَلَا إِذَا تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى الْأَبَاعِدِ وَتَرَكَ مَنْ يَعُولُ جِيَاعًا

146

The chapter on the prohibition against disparaging the charity of the poor with little charity.

بَابُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ عَيْبِ الْمُتَصَدِّقِ الْمُقِلِّ بِالْقَلِيلِ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ،

147

The chapter on the virtue of the charity of the healthy, miserly person who fears poverty, who hopes for long life over the charity of the sick person who fears death approaching him.

بَابُ فَضْلِ صَدَقَةِ الصَّحِيحِ الشَّحِيحِ الْخَائِفِ مِنَ الْفَقْرِ، الْمُؤَمِّلِ طُولَ الْعُمُرِ عَلَى صَدَقَةِ الْمَرِيضِ الْخَائِفِ نُزُولَ الْمَنِيَّةِ بِهِ

148

The chapter on the virtue of a person giving charity from what he loves most for the sake of Allah.

بَابُ فَضْلِ صَدَقَةِ الْمَرْءِ بِأَحَبِّ مَالِهِ لِلَّهِ،

149

The chapter on mentioning the love of Allah—Mighty and Majestic—for the one who gives charity secretly.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ حُبِّ اللَّهِ- عَزَّ وَجَلَّ- الْمُخْفِي بِالصَّدَقَةِ،

150

The chapter on mentioning the example the Prophet set for the giver of charity.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ مَثَلٍ ضَرَبَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلْمُتَصَدِّقِ

151

The chapter on the command to maintain family ties with what the master approaches Allah—Mighty and Majestic—with from voluntary charity.

بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِإِتْيَانِ الْقَرَابَةِ بِمَا يَتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ الْمَوْلَى لِلَّهِ- عَزَّ وَجَلَّ- مِنْ صَدَقَةِ التَّطَوُّعِ

152

The chapter on mentioning the evidence that accepting testimony for the charity of property is permissible for witnesses if they know the property being donated without specification.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ احْتِمَالَ الشَّهَادَةِ بِصَدَقَةِ الْعَقَارِ جَائِزٌ لِلشُّهُودِ إِذَا عَلِمُوا الْعَقَارَ الْمُتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ تَحْدِيدٍ،

153

The chapter on recommending that a woman give her husband and child voluntary charity over others among the distant relatives; for they are more deserving of receiving charity than the distant ones.

بَابُ اسْتِحْبَابِ إِتْيَانِ الْمَرْأَةِ زَوْجَهَا وَوَلَدَهَا بِصَدَقَةِ التَّطَوُّعِ عَلَى غَيْرِهِمْ مِنَ الْأَبَاعِدِ؛ إِذْ هُمْ أَحَقُّ بِأَنْ يُتَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْأَبَاعِدِ‏.‏

154

The chapter on mentioning the strengthening of a woman's charity towards her husband and what is in her care over charity to others.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ تَضْعِيفِ صَدَقَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا وَعَلَى مَا فِي حِجْرِهَا عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى غَيْرِهِمْ‏.‏

155

The chapter on a person's charity for his child.

بَابُ صَدَقَةِ الْمَرْءِ عَلَى وَلَدِهِ،

156

The chapter on the command to give charity from the fruits before harvesting from every garden with a bunch placed in the mosque.

بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِالصَّدَقَةِ مِنَ الثِّمَارِ قَبْلَ الْجِذَاذِ مِنْ كُلِّ حَائِطٍ بِقِنْوٍ يُوضَعُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ‏.‏

157

The chapter on the dislike of giving charity with the unwanted part of the fruits.

بَابُ كَرَاهِيَةِ الصَّدَقَةِ بِالْحَشَفِ مِنَ الثِّمَارِ،

158

The chapter on giving to the asker from charity even if his appearance resembles that of the wealthy in riding and clothing.

بَابُ إِعْطَاءِ السَّائِلِ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَإِنْ كَانَ زِيُّهُ ‏[‏250- أ‏]‏ زِيَّ الْأَغْنِيَاءِ فِي الْمَرْكَبِ وَالْمَلْبَسِ

159

The chapter on mentioning the amount of fruit that it is recommended to place a bunch of it for the poor in the mosque, if the person's harvest reaches that amount.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ مَبْلَغِ الثِّمَارِ الَّذِي يُسْتَحَبُّ وَضْعُ قِنْوٍ مِنْهُ لِلْمَسَاكِينِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، إِذَا بَلَغَ جُذَاذُ الرَّجُلِ مِنَ الثِّمَارِ ذَلِكَ الْمَبْلَغَ

160

The chapter on mentioning the evidence that the Prophet's command to place the bunch we mentioned in the mosque for the poor is a matter of recommendation and guidance, not an obligation and compulsion.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ أَمْرَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِوَضْعِ الْقِنْوِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ لِلْمَسَاكِينِ أَمَرُ نَدْبٍ وَإِرْشَادٍ، لَا أَمْرُ فَرِيضَةٍ وَإِيجَابٍ، خَبَرُ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مِن

161

The chapter on the command to give to the asker even if the gift is small and of little value.

بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِإِعْطَاءِ السَّائِلِ وَإِنْ قَلَّتِ الْعَطِيَّةُ وَصَغُرَتْ قِيمَتُهَا،

162

The chapter on the severity in returning from voluntary charity and likening it to a dog that vomits and then returns to its vomit.

بَابُ التَّغْلِيظِ فِي الرُّجُوعِ عَنْ صَدَقَةِ التَّطَوُّعِ وَتَمْثِيلِهِ بِالْكَلْبِ يَقِيءُ ثُمَّ يَعُودُ فِي قَيْئِهِ

163

The chapter on the recommendation to announce charity intending to encourage people towards giving charity, so that the beginner in charity will receive a reward similar to that of the giver.

بَابُ اسْتِحْبَابِ الْإِعْلَانِ بِالصَّدَقَةِ نَاوِيًا لِاسْتِنَانِ النَّاسِ بِالْمُتَصَدِّقِ، فَيُكْتَبُ لِمُبْتَدِئِ الصَّدَقَةِ مِثْلُ أَجْرِ الْمُتَصَدِّقِ اسْتِنَانًا بِهِ

164

The chapter on permission for arrogance when giving charity.

بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي الْخُيَلَاءِ عِنْدَ الصَّدَقَةِ

165

The chapter on the dislike of preventing charity when the preventer is preventing the loan from his Lord.

بَابُ كَرَاهِيَةِ مَنْعِ الصَّدَقَةِ إِذْ مَانِعُهَا مَانِعُ اسْتِقْرَاضِ رَبِّهِ

166

The chapter on mentioning that the people of charity have a door from the doors of Paradise they will specifically enter from that door.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الْبَيَانِ أَنَّ لِأَهْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ بَابًا مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ يُخَصُّونَ بِدُخُولِهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْبَابِ

167

The chapter on the severity regarding the wealthy and charity.

بَابُ التَّغْلِيظِ فِي مَسْأَلَةِ الْغَنِيِّ الصَّدَقَةَ

168

The chapter on the severity in charity for show and reputation.

بَابُ التَّغْلِيظِ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ مُرَاءَاةً وَسُمْعَةً

169

The chapter on mentioning the first charity that was dedicated in Islam, and the conditions of the giver of the dedicated charity concerning the withholding of the capital of charity and the prohibition of selling, gifting, and inheriting it, and the allo

بَابُ ذِكْرِ أَوَّلِ صَدَقَةٍ مُحْبَسَةٍ تُصُدِّقَ بِهَا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَأشْرَاطِ الْمُتَصَدِّقِ صَدَقَةَ الْمَحْرُمَةِ حَبْسَ أُصُولِ الصَّدَقَةِ وَالْمَنْعِ مِنْ بَيْعِ رِقَابِهَا وَهِبَتِهَا وَتَوْرِيثِهَا، وَتَسْبِيلِ مَنَافِعِهَا وَغَلَّاتِهَا عَ

170

The chapter on the permissibility of dedicating to those who cannot be counted due to their large number.

بَابُ إِبَاحَةِ الْحَبْسِ عَلَى مَنْ لَا يُحْصَوْنَ لِكَثْرَةِ الْعَدَدِ

171

The chapter on the permissibility of dedicating to people who are imagined and not named.

بَابُ إِجَازَةِ الْحَبْسِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مَوْهُومِينَ غَيْرِ مُسَمِّينِ،

172

The chapter on mentioning the evidence that his saying: 'Give charity to the poor and the relatives,' means: 'Give charity from its original capital as a dedication.'

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ قَوْلَهُ‏:‏ تَصَدَّقْ بِهَا عَلَى الْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْقُرْبَى، إِنَّمَا أَرَادَ‏:‏ تَصَدَّقْ بِأَصْلِهَا حَبْسًا،

173

The chapter on the permissibility of dedicating the water sources.

بَابُ إِبَاحَةِ حَبْسِ آبَارِ الْمِيَاهِ

174

The chapter on the recommendation of dedicating from property and lands.

بَابُ الْوَصِيَّةِ بِالْحَبْسِ مِنَ الضِّيَاعِ وَالْأَرَضِينَ

175

Chapter on the virtues of building a market for travelers and digging rivers for those who drink.

بَابُ فَضَائِلِ بِنَاءِ السُّوقِ لِأَبْنَاءِ السَّابِلَةِ، وَحَفْرِ الْأَنْهَارِ لِلشَّارِبِ

176

Chapter on reserving water wells for the rich, the poor, and the wayfarer.

بَابُ حَبْسِ آبَارِ الْمِيَاهِ عَلَى الْأَغْنِيَاءِ وَالْفُقَرَاءِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ

177

Chapter on the permissibility of the person who reserves a well to drink from its water.

بَابُ إِبَاحَةِ شُرْبِ الْمُحْبِسِ مِنْ مَاءِ الْآبَارِ الَّتِي حَبَسَهَا

178

Chapter on the evidence that the reward for a reserved charity is recorded for the one who reserved it even after his death, as long as the charity continues.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ أَجْرَ الصَّدَقَةِ الْمُحْبَسَةِ يُكْتَبُ لِلْمُحْبِسِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ مَا دَامَتِ الصَّدَقَةُ جَارِيَةً

179

Chapter on the virtue of providing water if the report is authentic.

بَابُ فَضْلِ سَقْيِ الْمَاءِ إِنْ صَحَّ الْخَبَرُ

180

Chapter on giving charity on behalf of the deceased without a will from the deceased's wealth, and atonement for the deceased's sins through it.

بَابُ الصَّدَقَةِ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَصِيَّةٍ مِنْ مَالِ الْمَيِّتِ، وَتَكْفِيرِ ذُنُوبِ الْمَيِّتِ بِهَا

181

Chapter on the recording of the reward for the deceased without a will through charity given on his behalf from his wealth.

بَابُ ذِكْرِ كِتَابَةِ الْأَجْرِ لِلْمَيِّتِ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَصِيَّةٍ بِالصَّدَقَةِ عَنْهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ

182

Chapter on charity on behalf of the deceased if he died without a will, and the benefit of the deceased in the afterlife through it.

بَابُ الصَّدَقَةِ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ إِذَا تُوُفِّيَ عَنْ غَيْرِ ‏[‏وَصِيَّةٍ، وَانْتِفَاعِ‏]‏ الْمَيِّتِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ بِهَا

183

Chapter on the guarantee of Paradise by providing water to someone who finds it rarely.

بَابُ إِيجَابِ الْجَنَّةِ بِسَقْيِ الْمَاءِ مَنْ لَا يَجِدُ الْمَاءَ إِلَّا غِبًّا